IGF Sri Lanka 2026 · Discussion paper · September 2026

One Internet,
Many Languages

AI, IDNs, Universal Acceptance, Universal Access and Multilingualism

Harsha Wijayawardhana B.Sc. (Miami), CITP (UK), FBCS (UK)

Purpose. This paper presents the author’s policy perspective for an IGF Sri Lanka 2026 panel discussion. It brings together Internet architecture, multilingualism and emerging artificial-intelligence systems.

One global Internet, many languages, many scripts and many AI systems—all interoperable and accessible to everyone.

Central argument

Artificial intelligence is becoming a new interface between people and the Internet. AI assistants and autonomous agents increasingly mediate discovery, communication, transactions and access to services. Internet governance must therefore consider whether AI will reinforce the universality of the Internet or create a new layer of fragmentation through proprietary gateways.

Domain names may become less visible to users, but dependable identifiers remain essential. An AI agent still needs to establish what resource it discovered, who operates it, whether it is authentic and whether the intended service was reached. The visible interface may change while the need for an open, interoperable and trustworthy Internet becomes greater.

Five principles

One interoperable Internet
Preserve globally unique identifiers, open standards and distributed governance.
Universal Acceptance for the AI age
Test the complete AI-mediated chain for IDNs, email addresses and script integrity.
Linguistic access is Universal Access
Connectivity alone is insufficient when people cannot participate in their own language and script.
Multilingualism by design
Language support must be foundational rather than added after systems mature.
Open AI interoperability and user choice
Avoid closed AI gateways becoming a new source of Internet fragmentation.

Global South research agenda

The paper proposes a research partnership among National and Regional IGFs, universities and technical communities in the Global South. The programme would test scripts, IDNs, Email Address Internationalization, URLs, prompts, speech and agent-to-agent tasks across languages and AI systems.

Proposed outputs include a Multilingual AI Internet Interoperability Checklist, an open multilingual test dataset, an AI/LLM Interoperability Readiness Report, policy and standards recommendations, and a repeatable benchmark measuring the linguistic interoperability gap.

Security and inclusion

Valid multilingual identifiers should not be rejected or distorted. At the same time, AI systems must identify genuinely suspicious confusable-character situations and communicate risks clearly. Inclusion and Unicode security must be designed together.

AI should not require humanity to adapt itself to technology. Technology should increasingly adapt itself to humanity.

Record status: Prepared as an independent discussion paper for an IGF Sri Lanka 2026 panel discussion. It does not represent an official position of the United Nations, ICANN, ITU or the Internet Governance Forum.